Saint Mary Cleophas, among the trio known as the “three Marys,” played a crucial role in the narratives of the New Testament. She was a steadfast follower of Christ, present during His crucifixion at Calvary and later visiting His tomb. Married to Saint Cleophas, who was Saint Joseph’s brother, she was also the mother of Saint James the Less.

In 47 AD, Saint Mary of Cleophas, along with several others, was forcibly placed on a boat by the Jews, deprived of sails and oars, and cast adrift at sea. Her voyage concluded in France, where she is said to have passed away. This extraordinary odyssey from Jerusalem to the French coast led to the naming of the landing spot as les Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, translating to “the Holy Marys of the Sea.” This name commemorates not only Saint Mary of Cleophas but also Saint Mary Magdalen and Saint Mary Salome, marking their shared legacy.

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Marie Rose Julia Billiart, born to affluent farmers in Cuvilly, France, developed a fervent interest in religion and aiding the less fortunate from an early age. Early tranquility gave way to hardship when her family’s fortunes dwindled, propelling young Julie into manual labor while she continued to impart religious teachings to the youth and farmhands in her spare moments.

At around 30, a life-altering illness struck Julie following a traumatic incident aimed at her father, leaving her paralyzed and bedridden. From her bed, she continued her catechism teachings, dispensed spiritual guidance, and welcomed visitors drawn by her reputed sanctity.

The outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789 marked a perilous time for Julie, known for her support of persecuted priests. Friends smuggled her out of Cuvilly, concealed in a haycart. She endured years of concealment and pain in Compiegne, moving stealthily from one refuge to another and even temporarily losing her speech.

Despite these trials, Julie experienced profound spiritual growth, envisioning a future where she would lead a community of religious women dedicated to the cross. Her path crossed with Francoise Blin de Bourdon, an aristocratic woman with similar educational aspirations. Together, in 1803, they founded the Institute of Notre Dame, focusing on the education of the impoverished, Christian youth, and catechist training. The subsequent year, the institute’s first vows were taken, coinciding remarkably with Julie’s miraculous recovery from her decades-long paralysis.

Julie, while prioritizing aid for the impoverished, recognized the need for Christian education across all societal levels. From the inception of the Sisters of Notre Dame to her demise, Julie tirelessly established schools across France and Belgium for diverse groups, including the indigent and the affluent, vocational learners, and educators. The motherhouse eventually found its home in Namur, Belgium, where Julie passed away in 1816, leaving a legacy of compassion and education. Her sanctity was formally recognized in 1969 with her canonization.

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Saint John Baptist de La Salle’s life was a testament to his unwavering commitment to what he believed was his divine calling. In 1950, his pioneering efforts in education earned him the title of patron of schoolteachers by Pope Pius XII. Born into privilege in 17th century France—equipped with intellect, looks, noble lineage, wealth, and a refined upbringing—John seemed destined for a comfortable, prestigious life within the Church. At 11, he embarked on his clerical journey with the tonsure, leading to priesthood at 27.

However, destiny had a different path. A serendipitous encounter with M. Nyel of Raven sparked an interest in educating poor boys in Raven, igniting a passion that would redefine his life. Initially repelled by the work, his dedication deepened, eventually seeing it as his divine duty. This realization prompted him to forsake his wealth, status, and comfort to live among and serve the impoverished, marking a dramatic pivot in his life’s direction.

John’s legacy is inseparable from the Brothers of the Christian Schools, a religious community he founded, which flourished under his guidance. They revolutionized education for the poor, established the first teacher training college, and provided for juvenile delinquents from affluent backgrounds. His drive was fueled by a desire to cultivate devout Christians.

Despite his achievements, John’s journey was marred by challenges: he faced disillusionment and desertions within his ranks, encountered fierce resistance from traditional educators threatened by his innovative methods, and battled against the Jansenists’ austere outlook on morality and human nature—a battle he fought tirelessly.

In his final years, plagued by asthma and rheumatism, John passed away on Good Friday at the age of 68. His canonization in 1900 was a fitting tribute to a life of profound impact and selfless dedication to education and faith.

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In 1682, within a modest town near Augsburg, Crescentia Hoess was born to a humble weaver. Her childhood was marked by an unusual devotion; she found solace in prayer at her parish church, offered assistance to those less fortunate, and displayed such an understanding of her faith that she was granted the rare privilege of receiving Holy Communion at the age of seven. Her saintly demeanor earned her the moniker “the little angel” among townsfolk.

With age, Crescentia’s aspiration to join the Tertiaries of St. Francis convent grew, despite her lack of a dowry making her admission seem impossible. The intervention of the town’s Protestant mayor, to whom the convent was indebted, reluctantly secured her entry. Initially, her presence was deemed a nuisance, and she was relegated to menial chores, her buoyant spirit mistaken for insincerity.

A pivotal change occurred four years later with the election of a new superior who recognized Crescentia’s virtues. Her elevation to mistress of novices was a testament to her character, and her eventual unanimous election as superior following the predecessor’s death highlighted her profound impact. Under her guidance, the convent’s financial woes were alleviated, and her spiritual counsel became sought after by high-ranking individuals, reflecting her humble yet influential nature.

Crescentia’s life, however, was a testament to endurance through physical sufferings, from relentless headaches and toothaches to a crippling condition that contorted her body. Yet, she embraced her afflictions with a Franciscan spirit, finding in them a reason to praise. Her death on Easter Sunday in 1744 was a peaceful conclusion to a life of joy amidst suffering.

Beatified in 1900 and canonized in 2001 by Pope John Paul II.

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Easter Sunday

Christ is risen from the dead! Dying, he conquered death; To the dead, he has given life!

Easter is the principal feast of the ecclesiastical year. Leo I (Sermo xlvii in Exodum) calls it the greatest feast (festum festorum), and says that Christmas is celebrated only in preparation for Easter. It is the center of the greater part of the ecclesiastical year.

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Vincent Ferrer, born on January 23, 1357, in Valencia, Spain, emerged as a cornerstone in the Church’s edifice, renowned for his dynamic contribution to its reinforcement. His entry into the Dominican Order in 1374 marked the beginning of a life dedicated to spiritual austerity and ecclesiastical leadership, quickly ascending to the role of prior in Valencia post-ordination.

Ferrer’s early years were marked by a dual commitment to academia and evangelism. After taking vows, he ventured into philosophy, teaching in Barcelona before earning his doctorate in Lerida, Catalonia’s esteemed university town. This period in Valencia honed his spiritual discipline, setting the stage for a broader mission field that would define his legacy.

The Western Schism, splitting the Christian world between two, later three, Popes, tested Ferrer’s allegiances. Initially siding with Avignon’s Clement VII over Rome’s Urban VI, Ferrer’s convictions mirrored the schism’s divisive spirit. His tenure under Cardinal Pedro de Luna, who ascended as Pope Benedict XIII at Avignon, deepened his involvement in the ecclesiastical maelstrom. Despite efforts, Ferrer’s attempts to mend the schism under Benedict’s papacy fell short, leading to a poignant estrangement from his one-time mentor and friend.

Ferrer’s apostolic zeal flourished post-schism, dedicating two decades to missionary work across Western Europe. His preaching, marked by fervor and urgency, underscored repentance and the imminence of judgment. Dubbed the “Angel of the Judgment,” Ferrer’s ministry catalyzed countless conversions, underpinned by miraculous signs. Witnessing the schism’s resolution and Martin V’s election, Ferrer’s journey concluded on April 5, 1419, leaving a legacy celebrated annually on his feast day, April 5.

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“What is happening? Today there is a great silence over the earth, a great silence, and stillness, a great silence because the King sleeps; the earth was in terror and was still, because God slept in the flesh and raised up those who were sleeping from the ages. God has died in the flesh, and the underworld has trembled.

Truly he goes to seek out our first parent like a lost sheep; he wishes to visit those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death. He goes to free the prisoner Adam and his fellow-prisoner Eve from their pains, he who is God, and Adam’s son.

The Lord goes in to them holding his victorious weapon, his cross. When Adam, the first created man, sees him, he strikes his breast in terror and calls out to all: ‘My Lord be with you all.’ And Christ in reply says to Adam: ‘And with your spirit.’ And grasping his hand he raises him up, saying: ‘Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give you light.

‘I am your God, who for your sake became your son, who for you and your descendants now speak and command with authority those in prison: Come forth, and those in darkness: Have light, and those who sleep: Rise.

‘I command you: Awake, sleeper, I have not made you to be held a prisoner in the underworld. Arise from the dead; I am the life of the dead. Arise, O man, work of my hands, arise, you who were fashioned in my image. Rise, let us go hence; for you in me and I in you, together we are one undivided person.

‘For you, I your God became your son; for you, I the Master took on your form; that of slave; for you, I who am above the heavens came on earth and under the earth; for you, man, I became as a man without help, free among the dead; for you, who left a garden, I was handed over to Jews from a garden and crucified in a garden.

‘Look at the spittle on my face, which I received because of you, in order to restore you to that first divine inbreathing at creation. See the blows on my cheeks, which I accepted in order to refashion your distorted form to my own image.

‘See the scourging of my back, which I accepted in order to disperse the load of your sins which was laid upon your back. See my hands nailed to the tree for a good purpose, for you, who stretched out your hand to the tree for an evil one.

`I slept on the cross and a sword pierced my side, for you, who slept in paradise and brought forth Eve from your side. My side healed the pain of your side; my sleep will release you from your sleep in Hades; my sword has checked the sword which was turned against you.

‘But arise, let us go hence. The enemy brought you out of the land of paradise; I will reinstate you, no longer in paradise, but on the throne of heaven. I denied you the tree of life, which was a figure, but now I myself am united to you, I who am life. I posted the cherubim to guard you as they would slaves; now I make the cherubim worship you as they would God.

“The cherubim throne has been prepared, the bearers are ready and waiting, the bridal chamber is in order, the food is provided, the everlasting houses and rooms are in readiness; the treasures of good things have been opened; the kingdom of heaven has been prepared before the ages.”

A reading from an ancient homily for Holy Saturday – http://www.vatican.va/spirit/documents/spirit_20010414_omelia-sabato-santo_en.html

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Benedict the Moor, born into slavery near Messina, Italy, in 1526, embarked on an extraordinary life journey that led him from bondage to sainthood. The son of African slaves, Benedict gained his freedom at 18 and initially took up farming, proudly owning a pair of oxen he acquired through his savings. His life took a turn towards spirituality as he chose solitude, eventually joining a community of hermits on Montepellegrino.

Despite his humble beginnings and lack of formal education, Benedict’s leadership qualities shone through, leading to his appointment as the superior of his hermit community. However, a decree from Pope Pius IV saw him transition into a Franciscan lay brother, where he humbly served as a cook at St. Mary’s convent near Palermo.

Benedict’s life took another unexpected turn when he was named the convent’s superior during a period of reform, a position he accepted reluctantly. Later, he served as a novice master, a role he requested to be relieved from to return to his preferred duty in the kitchen.

Despite his desire for a simple life, Benedict’s reputation for sanctity and miracles made him a sought-after figure, attracting countless visitors. His death at the convent marked the end of a life characterized by humility, devotion, and miraculous deeds. Canonized in 1807, Benedict the Moor is venerated as a patron saint of African-Americans, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire. King Philip III of Spain, recognizing his sanctity, funded a special tomb for this revered friar.

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Reading I Isaiah 52:13—53:12

See, my servant shall prosper,
            he shall be raised high and greatly exalted.
Even as many were amazed at him–

            so marred was his look beyond human semblance
            and his appearance beyond that of the sons of man–

so shall he startle many nations,
            because of him kings shall stand speechless;
for those who have not been told shall see,
            those who have not heard shall ponder it.

Who would believe what we have heard?
            To whom has the arm of the LORD been revealed?
He grew up like a sapling before him,
            like a shoot from the parched earth;
there was in him no stately bearing to make us look at him,
            nor appearance that would attract us to him.
He was spurned and avoided by people,
            a man of suffering, accustomed to infirmity,
one of those from whom people hide their faces,
            spurned, and we held him in no esteem.

Yet it was our infirmities that he bore,
            our sufferings that he endured,
while we thought of him as stricken,
            as one smitten by God and afflicted.
But he was pierced for our offenses,
            crushed for our sins;
upon him was the chastisement that makes us whole,
            by his stripes we were healed.
We had all gone astray like sheep,
            each following his own way;
but the LORD laid upon him
            the guilt of us all.

Though he was harshly treated, he submitted
            and opened not his mouth;
like a lamb led to the slaughter
            or a sheep before the shearers,
            he was silent and opened not his mouth.
Oppressed and condemned, he was taken away,
            and who would have thought any more of his destiny?
When he was cut off from the land of the living,
            and smitten for the sin of his people,
a grave was assigned him among the wicked
            and a burial place with evildoers,
though he had done no wrong
            nor spoken any falsehood.
But the LORD was pleased
            to crush him in infirmity.

If he gives his life as an offering for sin,
            he shall see his descendants in a long life,
            and the will of the LORD shall be accomplished through him.

Because of his affliction
            he shall see the light in fullness of days;
through his suffering, my servant shall justify many,
            and their guilt he shall bear.
Therefore I will give him his portion among the great,
            and he shall divide the spoils with the mighty,
because he surrendered himself to death
            and was counted among the wicked;
and he shall take away the sins of many,
            and win pardon for their offenses.

Responsorial Psalm Psalm 31:2, 6, 12-13, 15-16, 17, 25

R   (Lk 23:46) Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.
In you, O LORD, I take refuge;
            let me never be put to shame.
In your justice rescue me.
            Into your hands I commend my spirit;
you will redeem me, O LORD, O faithful God.
 Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.
For all my foes I am an object of reproach,
            a laughingstock to my neighbors, and a dread to my friends;
they who see me abroad flee from me.
            I am forgotten like the unremembered dead;
I am like a dish that is broken.
R  Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.
But my trust is in you, O LORD;
            I say, “You are my God.
In your hands is my destiny; rescue me
            from the clutches of my enemies and my persecutors.”
Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.
Let your face shine upon your servant;
            save me in your kindness.
Take courage and be stouthearted,
            all you who hope in the LORD.
R Father, into your hands I commend my spirit.

Reading II Hebrews 4:14-16; 5:7-9

Brothers and sisters:
Since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens,
Jesus, the Son of God,
let us hold fast to our confession.
For we do not have a high priest
who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses,
but one who has similarly been tested in every way,
yet without sin.
So let us confidently approach the throne of grace
to receive mercy and to find grace for timely help.

In the days when Christ was in the flesh,
he offered prayers and supplications with loud cries and tears
to the one who was able to save him from death,
and he was heard because of his reverence.
Son though he was, he learned obedience from what he suffered;
and when he was made perfect,
he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him.

Verse Before the Gospel Philippians 2:8-9

Christ became obedient to the point of death,
even death on a cross.
Because of this, God greatly exalted him
and bestowed on him the name which is above every other name.

The passion narratives are proclaimed in full so that all see vividly the love of Christ for each person. In light of this, the crimes during the Passion of Christ cannot be attributed, in either preaching or catechesis, indiscriminately to all Jews of that time, nor to Jews today. The Jewish people should not be referred to as though rejected or cursed, as if this view followed from Scripture. The Church ever keeps in mind that Jesus, his mother Mary, and the apostles all were Jewish. As the Church has always held, Christ freely suffered his passion and death because of the sins of all, that all might be saved.
 

Gospel John 18:1—19:42

Jesus went out with his disciples across the Kidron valley
to where there was a garden,
into which he and his disciples entered.
Judas his betrayer also knew the place,
because Jesus had often met there with his disciples.
So Judas got a band of soldiers and guards
from the chief priests and the Pharisees
and went there with lanterns, torches, and weapons.
Jesus, knowing everything that was going to happen to him,
went out and said to them, “Whom are you looking for?”
They answered him, “Jesus the Nazorean.”
He said to them, “I AM.”
Judas his betrayer was also with them.
When he said to them, “I AM, “
they turned away and fell to the ground.
So he again asked them,
“Whom are you looking for?”
They said, “Jesus the Nazorean.”
Jesus answered,
“I told you that I AM.
So if you are looking for me, let these men go.”
This was to fulfill what he had said,
“I have not lost any of those you gave me.”
Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it,
struck the high priest’s slave, and cut off his right ear.
The slave’s name was Malchus.
Jesus said to Peter,
“Put your sword into its scabbard.
Shall I not drink the cup that the Father gave me?”

So the band of soldiers, the tribune, and the Jewish guards seized Jesus,
bound him, and brought him to Annas first.
He was the father-in-law of Caiaphas,
who was high priest that year.
It was Caiaphas who had counseled the Jews
that it was better that one man should die rather than the people.

Simon Peter and another disciple followed Jesus.
Now the other disciple was known to the high priest,
and he entered the courtyard of the high priest with Jesus.
But Peter stood at the gate outside.
So the other disciple, the acquaintance of the high priest,
went out and spoke to the gatekeeper and brought Peter in.
Then the maid who was the gatekeeper said to Peter,
“You are not one of this man’s disciples, are you?”
He said, “I am not.”
Now the slaves and the guards were standing around a charcoal fire
that they had made, because it was cold,
and were warming themselves.
Peter was also standing there keeping warm.

The high priest questioned Jesus
about his disciples and about his doctrine.
Jesus answered him,
“I have spoken publicly to the world.
I have always taught in a synagogue
or in the temple area where all the Jews gather,
and in secret I have said nothing.  Why ask me?
Ask those who heard me what I said to them.
They know what I said.”
When he had said this,
one of the temple guards standing there struck Jesus and said,
“Is this the way you answer the high priest?”
Jesus answered him,
“If I have spoken wrongly, testify to the wrong;
but if I have spoken rightly, why do you strike me?”
Then Annas sent him bound to Caiaphas the high priest.

Now Simon Peter was standing there keeping warm.
And they said to him,
“You are not one of his disciples, are you?”
He denied it and said,
“I am not.”
One of the slaves of the high priest,
a relative of the one whose ear Peter had cut off, said,
“Didn’t I see you in the garden with him?”
Again Peter denied it.
And immediately the cock crowed.

Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the praetorium.
It was morning.
And they themselves did not enter the praetorium,
in order not to be defiled so that they could eat the Passover.
So Pilate came out to them and said,
“What charge do you bring against this man?”
They answered and said to him,
“If he were not a criminal,
we would not have handed him over to you.”
At this, Pilate said to them,
“Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law.”
The Jews answered him,
“We do not have the right to execute anyone, “
in order that the word of Jesus might be fulfilled
that he said indicating the kind of death he would die.
So Pilate went back into the praetorium
and summoned Jesus and said to him,
“Are you the King of the Jews?”
Jesus answered,
“Do you say this on your own
or have others told you about me?”
Pilate answered,
“I am not a Jew, am I?
Your own nation and the chief priests handed you over to me.
What have you done?”
Jesus answered,
“My kingdom does not belong to this world.
If my kingdom did belong to this world,
my attendants would be fighting
to keep me from being handed over to the Jews.
But as it is, my kingdom is not here.”
So Pilate said to him,
“Then you are a king?”
Jesus answered,
“You say I am a king.
For this I was born and for this I came into the world,
to testify to the truth.
Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to my voice.”
Pilate said to him, “What is truth?”

When he had said this,
he again went out to the Jews and said to them,
“I find no guilt in him.
But you have a custom that I release one prisoner to you at Passover.
Do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”
They cried out again,
“Not this one but Barabbas!”
Now Barabbas was a revolutionary.

Then Pilate took Jesus and had him scourged.
And the soldiers wove a crown out of thorns and placed it on his head,
and clothed him in a purple cloak,
and they came to him and said,
“Hail, King of the Jews!”
And they struck him repeatedly.
Once more Pilate went out and said to them,
“Look, I am bringing him out to you,
so that you may know that I find no guilt in him.”
So Jesus came out,
wearing the crown of thorns and the purple cloak.
And he said to them, “Behold, the man!”
When the chief priests and the guards saw him they cried out,
“Crucify him, crucify him!”
Pilate said to them,
“Take him yourselves and crucify him.
I find no guilt in him.”
The Jews answered,
“We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die,
because he made himself the Son of God.”
Now when Pilate heard this statement,
he became even more afraid,
and went back into the praetorium and said to Jesus,
“Where are you from?”
Jesus did not answer him.
So Pilate said to him,
“Do you not speak to me?
Do you not know that I have power to release you
and I have power to crucify you?”
Jesus answered him,
“You would have no power over me
if it had not been given to you from above.
For this reason the one who handed me over to you
has the greater sin.”
Consequently, Pilate tried to release him; but the Jews cried out,
“If you release him, you are not a Friend of Caesar.
Everyone who makes himself a king opposes Caesar.”

When Pilate heard these words he brought Jesus out
and seated him on the judge’s bench
in the place called Stone Pavement, in Hebrew, Gabbatha.
It was preparation day for Passover, and it was about noon.
And he said to the Jews,
“Behold, your king!”
They cried out,
“Take him away, take him away!  Crucify him!”
Pilate said to them,
“Shall I crucify your king?”
The chief priests answered,
“We have no king but Caesar.”
Then he handed him over to them to be crucified.

So they took Jesus, and, carrying the cross himself,
he went out to what is called the Place of the Skull,
in Hebrew, Golgotha.
There they crucified him, and with him two others,
one on either side, with Jesus in the middle.
Pilate also had an inscription written and put on the cross.
It read,
“Jesus the Nazorean, the King of the Jews.”
Now many of the Jews read this inscription,
because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city;
and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.
So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate,
 “Do not write ‘The King of the Jews,’
but that he said, ‘I am the King of the Jews’.”
Pilate answered,
“What I have written, I have written.”

When the soldiers had crucified Jesus,
they took his clothes and divided them into four shares,
a share for each soldier.
They also took his tunic, but the tunic was seamless,
woven in one piece from the top down.
So they said to one another,
“Let’s not tear it, but cast lots for it to see whose it will be, “
in order that the passage of Scripture might be fulfilled that says:
            They divided my garments among them,
                        and for my vesture they cast lots.
This is what the soldiers did.
Standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother
and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas,
and Mary of Magdala.
When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple there whom he loved
he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son.”
Then he said to the disciple,
“Behold, your mother.”
And from that hour the disciple took her into his home.

After this, aware that everything was now finished,
in order that the Scripture might be fulfilled,
Jesus said, “I thirst.”
There was a vessel filled with common wine.
So they put a sponge soaked in wine on a sprig of hyssop
and put it up to his mouth.
When Jesus had taken the wine, he said,
“It is finished.”
And bowing his head, he handed over the spirit.

Here all kneel and pause for a short time.

Now since it was preparation day,
in order that the bodies might not remain on the cross on the sabbath,
for the sabbath day of that week was a solemn one,
the Jews asked Pilate that their legs be broken
and that they be taken down.
So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first
and then of the other one who was crucified with Jesus.
But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead,
they did not break his legs,
but one soldier thrust his lance into his side,
and immediately blood and water flowed out.
An eyewitness has testified, and his testimony is true;
he knows that he is speaking the truth,
so that you also may come to believe.
For this happened so that the Scripture passage might be fulfilled:
            Not a bone of it will be broken.
And again another passage says:
            They will look upon him whom they have pierced.

After this, Joseph of Arimathea,
secretly a disciple of Jesus for fear of the Jews,
asked Pilate if he could remove the body of Jesus.
And Pilate permitted it.
So he came and took his body.
Nicodemus, the one who had first come to him at night,
also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes
weighing about one hundred pounds.
They took the body of Jesus
and bound it with burial cloths along with the spices,
according to the Jewish burial custom.
Now in the place where he had been crucified there was a garden,
and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had yet been buried.
So they laid Jesus there because of the Jewish preparation day;
for the tomb was close by.

– – –

Lectionary for Mass for Use in the Dioceses of the United States, second typical edition, Copyright © 2001, 1998, 1997, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine; Psalm refrain © 1968, 1981, 1997, International Committee on English in the Liturgy, Inc. All rights reserved. Neither this work nor any part of it may be reproduced, distributed, performed or displayed in any medium, including electronic or digital, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

Daily Meditation

 

Saint of the Day

 

Good Friday sits solemnly within Holy Week, a day marked by fasting and penance, reflecting on Christ’s crucifixion and death. For believers, this day isn’t merely a historical remembrance but a profound contemplation on the sacrifice of Christ, central to Christian faith. The Catholic Catechism encapsulates this, attributing our justification to Christ’s Passion, where he, as a living sacrifice, pleasing to God, atones for humanity’s sins with his blood (CCC 1992), echoing St. Paul’s words on grace, redemption, and faith in Christ’s expiation (Romans 3:24-25).

This day’s customs and prayers deeply engage with the theme of Christ’s sacrificial love. From sunset on Good Friday, the Paschal Triduum’s second day begins. The primary services occur in the afternoon, around 3:00 PM, symbolizing the hour of Jesus’ passing. Western traditions for observing Good Friday include the Passion reading or singing from St. John’s gospel, particularly covering John 18:1-19:42 in the Catholic Church. Another widespread practice is the Veneration of the Cross, where the faithful show reverence to a wooden cross through kneeling or kissing.

The day also observes the “Mass of the Pre-Sanctified,” since no Masses are celebrated on Good Friday or Holy Saturday. Thus, the Eucharist from Maundy Thursday’s Mass is used. The Stations of the Cross, or the “Way of the Cross,” is a devotion commemorating fourteen events leading up to Jesus’ death, marked by stations throughout many Catholic churches.

Less common now, the “Tre Ore” or “Three Hours” service reflects on the seven last words of Christ, a tradition initiated by Jesuit Alphonso Messia in 1732 and embraced by many Protestant churches. Good Friday, alongside Ash Wednesday, remains a day of official fast in the Catholic Church.

The Eastern Churches observe “the Great Friday” with distinctive customs. The day starts with Matins, featuring the “Twelve Gospels” reading. The “Little Hours” follow, culminating in Vespers with the veneration of the epitaphion and concluding with Compline’s lamentation.

A symbolic burial of Christ is performed on Good Friday night. In some traditions, the customary greeting of “peace be with you” is replaced due to its association with Judas’ betrayal. In Russia, a silver coffin with a painted image of Christ is venerated by the faithful.

The practice of Good Friday observance traces back to ancient times, with some customs documented as early as the 4th century by Egeria. Its evolution into a day of penance and fasting commemorates Christ’s death, with the name “Good Friday” possibly originating from “God’s Friday.” The veneration of the cross likely began in Jerusalem between the 7th and 8th centuries, with references to pre-sanctified Masses dating back to the Quinisext Council in AD 692.

Good Friday’s observance transcends Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christians, with Anglicans, Methodists, and Lutherans also marking the day in reverence and reflection.

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